Abstract
The paper present the results from an empirical study examining the challenges that prevent or limit ethnic minorities from becoming and belonging as bus drives in Denmark. This entails the challenges ethnic minorities meet in the required formal training in order to become a bus driver and the challenges they meet in the job as drivers.
In Denmark, the bus industry for decades has been an industry with a relatively high percentage of trainees and employees with migrant background. The challenges for becoming and belonging in this industry are expected to be prevalent in industries with less tradition for ethnic minority workers. It is therefore presumed, that an identification of challenges and of ways to address them might be helpful in order to ensure a higher degree of labour market integration. This of cause raises new questions about whether labour market integration in certain industries actually leads to integration or just to a more stratified and ethnic segregated labour market. However, that kind of issues will not be addressed explicitly in the paper.
The study is based on a national (Danish) literature review and an empirical study examining the experienced challenges within the formal training program in two different schools as well as in the everyday work in two different bus-companies. The empirical data is
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constructed through observations, interviews and a workshop and the current paper will present the empirical findings.
The results will be compared to the tentative findings from a Nordic project, addressing how Popular education in the Nordic countries organize activities in order to support the inclusion and integration of refugees. In this project, the central cooperation organizations in each country were asked to identify five cases of ”good practice”. Through a survey with ten questions addressing the purpose, design and implementation of the projects, a description of each case was produces. I will discuss, how the purposes of and the challenges addressed in the popular education programs relates to the challenges for becoming and belonging in a foreign labour market, identified in the Bus-project.
In Denmark, the bus industry for decades has been an industry with a relatively high percentage of trainees and employees with migrant background. The challenges for becoming and belonging in this industry are expected to be prevalent in industries with less tradition for ethnic minority workers. It is therefore presumed, that an identification of challenges and of ways to address them might be helpful in order to ensure a higher degree of labour market integration. This of cause raises new questions about whether labour market integration in certain industries actually leads to integration or just to a more stratified and ethnic segregated labour market. However, that kind of issues will not be addressed explicitly in the paper.
The study is based on a national (Danish) literature review and an empirical study examining the experienced challenges within the formal training program in two different schools as well as in the everyday work in two different bus-companies. The empirical data is
18
constructed through observations, interviews and a workshop and the current paper will present the empirical findings.
The results will be compared to the tentative findings from a Nordic project, addressing how Popular education in the Nordic countries organize activities in order to support the inclusion and integration of refugees. In this project, the central cooperation organizations in each country were asked to identify five cases of ”good practice”. Through a survey with ten questions addressing the purpose, design and implementation of the projects, a description of each case was produces. I will discuss, how the purposes of and the challenges addressed in the popular education programs relates to the challenges for becoming and belonging in a foreign labour market, identified in the Bus-project.
Original language | English |
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Publication date | 2017 |
Publication status | Published - 2017 |
Event | 7th Nordic conference on adult education and learning: Adult education in the age of global mobility - Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden Duration: 3 May 2017 → 5 May 2017 Conference number: 7 http://ju.se/en/collaboration/events-and-conferences/conferences/ncael.html |
Conference
Conference | 7th Nordic conference on adult education and learning |
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Number | 7 |
Location | Jönköping University |
Country/Territory | Sweden |
City | Jönköping |
Period | 03/05/2017 → 05/05/2017 |
Other | The multifaceted theme of global mobility, which we address at this 7th biennial Nordic conference on adult education and learning, reframes the classical question of whether there is such thing as a Nordic model of adult education and prompts us to ask how well Nordic adult education has adapted to our age of global mobility. What processes of transformation, reinvention, and reframing are going on, in practice as well as in theory? Contributions relating adult education to various frames of reference are welcome. As in the previous conference, one session strand is dedicated to popular education and nonformal adult education. |
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