The Tourist Gaze 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0

This chapter discusses the four moments or versions – which I call 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 – of the Tourist Gaze. The tourist gaze and its author(s) we may say are on the move. This chapter gives an account of this double-sided movement. I pay particular attention to how these different moments of tourist gazes have been applied, or have influenced, tourism research but also how Urry (and Larsen) have incorporated new tourism ideas – such as embodiment and performance – and gazes identified by other tourist scholars in conceptualisation and reconceptualisation of the tourist gaze. I also discuss much of the critique raised against it. In the final part – the Tourist Gaze 4.0 – I speculate on subjects and discussions that John Urry and I might have included in a new edition.