Logic and Psychology: A Couple of Case Studies

In this conceptual paper we first make some general remarks on logic in real human reasoning, logic in mathematical reasoning and logic in philosophy. We then move on and consider logic in psychology and we describe a couple of psychological studies where logical reasoning plays a decisive role. The psychological studies in question involve what are called false-belief tests and tests where an experimental subject has to judge whether a syllogism is valid, despite inconsistent contextual information. We finally make some remarks about further work.