TY - JOUR
T1 - Exposure to ambient air pollution and lipid levels and blood pressure in an adult, Danish cohort
AU - Roswall, Nina
AU - Poulsen, Aslak Harbo
AU - Hvidtfeldt, Ulla Arthur
AU - Hendriksen, Peter Fjeldstad
AU - Boll, Katja
AU - Halkjær, Jytte
AU - Ketzel, Matthias
AU - Brandt, Jørgen
AU - Frohn, Lise Marie
AU - Christensen, Jesper H.
AU - Im, Ulas
AU - Sørensen, Mette
AU - Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole
PY - 2023/3/1
Y1 - 2023/3/1
N2 - Background: Air pollution is a well-recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanistic pathways underlying the association are not completely understood. Hence, further studies are required to shed light on potential mechanisms, through which air pollution may affect the development from subclinical to clinical cardiovascular disease. Objectives: To investigate associations between short-term exposure to air pollution and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-high density lipoprotein (non-HDL), systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Methods: The study was conducted among 32,851 Danes from the Diet, Cancer and Health – Next Generations cohort, who had a blood sample taken and blood pressure measured. We measured HDL and non-HDL in the blood samples. We modelled exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), ultrafine particles (UFP), elemental carbon (EC) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in time-windows from 24 h up to 90 days before blood sampling. Pollutants were modelled as total air pollution from all sources, and apportioned into contributions from non-traffic and traffic sources. We analyzed data using linear and logistic regression, with adjustment for socio-economic and lifestyle factors. Results: Air pollution exposure over 24 h to 30 days was generally adversely associated with lipid profile and blood pressure, e.g. for 30-day UFP-exposure, adjusted β-estimates were: −0.025 (−0.043; −0.006) for HDL, 0.086 (0.042; 0.130) for non-HDL, 2.45 (1.70; 3.11) for systolic and 1.56 (1.07; 20.4) for diastolic blood pressure, per 10,000 particles/cm3. The strongest associations were found for the non-traffic components of air pollution, and among those who were overweight/obese. Discussion: In this large study of air pollution and lipid levels and blood pressure, we found that 24-h to 30-day PM2.5, UFP, EC and NO2 concentrations were generally adversely associated with lipid profile and blood pressure, two important cardiovascular risk factors. The study suggests potential pathways, through which air pollution could affect the development of cardiovascular disease.
AB - Background: Air pollution is a well-recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanistic pathways underlying the association are not completely understood. Hence, further studies are required to shed light on potential mechanisms, through which air pollution may affect the development from subclinical to clinical cardiovascular disease. Objectives: To investigate associations between short-term exposure to air pollution and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-high density lipoprotein (non-HDL), systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Methods: The study was conducted among 32,851 Danes from the Diet, Cancer and Health – Next Generations cohort, who had a blood sample taken and blood pressure measured. We measured HDL and non-HDL in the blood samples. We modelled exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), ultrafine particles (UFP), elemental carbon (EC) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in time-windows from 24 h up to 90 days before blood sampling. Pollutants were modelled as total air pollution from all sources, and apportioned into contributions from non-traffic and traffic sources. We analyzed data using linear and logistic regression, with adjustment for socio-economic and lifestyle factors. Results: Air pollution exposure over 24 h to 30 days was generally adversely associated with lipid profile and blood pressure, e.g. for 30-day UFP-exposure, adjusted β-estimates were: −0.025 (−0.043; −0.006) for HDL, 0.086 (0.042; 0.130) for non-HDL, 2.45 (1.70; 3.11) for systolic and 1.56 (1.07; 20.4) for diastolic blood pressure, per 10,000 particles/cm3. The strongest associations were found for the non-traffic components of air pollution, and among those who were overweight/obese. Discussion: In this large study of air pollution and lipid levels and blood pressure, we found that 24-h to 30-day PM2.5, UFP, EC and NO2 concentrations were generally adversely associated with lipid profile and blood pressure, two important cardiovascular risk factors. The study suggests potential pathways, through which air pollution could affect the development of cardiovascular disease.
KW - Blood pressure
KW - Elemental carbon
KW - Lipid profile
KW - Nitrogen dioxide
KW - PM2.5
KW - Ultra-fine particles
KW - Blood pressure
KW - Elemental carbon
KW - Lipid profile
KW - Nitrogen dioxide
KW - PM2.5
KW - Ultra-fine particles
U2 - 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115179
DO - 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115179
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 36584852
AN - SCOPUS:85145857351
SN - 0013-9351
VL - 220
JO - Environmental Research
JF - Environmental Research
M1 - 115179
ER -